Europe was once primarily temperate forests. Larger herbivores and carnivores are scarce after more than a thousand years of human populations. Polar regions and the alps make up most of the wilderness. Many welands are coastal or are characterized by mossy bogs. The people of Amsterdam live in a reclaimed wetland. People of the Black Forest have a unique cultural heritage along with the Basque of the mountains. Rural people of the Ukraine farm the grasslands. The Saampi are an interesting indigenous people who have retained their connection to the land and the reindeer.